Strep Throat FAQ for Parents: Symptoms, Treatment & What to Know
What is strep throat?
Strep throat is a bacterial infection of the throat and tonsils caused by Group A Streptococcus. It leads to a sore, red throat, and is most common in children between 5 and 15 years old.
How is strep throat different from a regular sore throat?
Most sore throats are caused by viruses, not bacteria. Only about 30% of sore throats in kids are strep. Unlike viral sore throats, strep:
- Typically does not cause a cough or runny nose
- Can be treated with antibiotics
- May lead to complications if untreated for long periods of time
What are the symptoms of strep throat in children?
Look for these signs:
- Sudden sore throat with red, swollen tonsils
- Fever
- Pain when swallowing
- White patches on the throat or tonsils
- Swollen glands in the neck
- Stomach pain
- Bad breath without explanation
- No cold symptoms (like coughing or congestion)
How is strep throat diagnosed?
Diagnosis can only be made through:
- A rapid strep test (results in minutes)
- A throat culture (results in 24–48 hours if the rapid test is negative)
At Concierge Pediatrics, both tests are done in-house for quick and accurate results.
Should toddlers be tested for strep?
Usually, no. Children under 2–3 years old rarely get strep. Testing may be done if:
- They’ve had close contact with someone who tested positive
- Symptoms are severe or unusual (rash, high fever, difficulty swallowing)
- A pediatrician sees cause for concern during an exam
Is strep throat contagious?
Yes. Strep spreads through respiratory droplets from coughing, sneezing, or sharing utensils. It can take 2–5 days after exposure for symptoms to appear.
How is strep throat treated?
Strep throat is treated with antibiotics, most commonly amoxicillin. Treatment helps:
- Shorten the duration of illness
- Prevent serious complications like rheumatic fever or kidney problems
- Reduce the risk of spreading the infection
It’s critical to finish the entire course of antibiotics even if your child feels better.
Can antibiotics cause side effects?
Yes. Common mild side effects include:
- Upset stomach
- Diarrhea
- Yeast infections
Probiotics (like those in Greek yogurt) can help restore gut balance. Call your pediatrician if symptoms are bothersome — and seek immediate care if your child has trouble breathing, facial swelling, or hives.
When can my child return to school or daycare?
Children with strep throat can return to school or other activities after 24 hours of antibiotics, as long as they’ve also been fever-free for 24 hours and are feeling better.
How can I help my child feel better at home?
In addition to antibiotics, try:
- Warm saltwater gargles
- Fluids, especially warm drinks
- Acetaminophen or ibuprofen for pain or fever
- Rest
- Soft foods to avoid throat irritation
Can my child get strep more than once?
Yes. Some kids get strep multiple times a year. Children who frequently test positive might be strep carriers (they have the bacteria but no symptoms) or in rare cases, may be candidates for a tonsillectomy. Talk to your pediatrician or an ENT specialist if infections are frequent.
What is Scarlet Fever?
Scarlet Fever is a reaction to strep where, in addition to typical symptoms, your child may develop:
- A bright red rash
- A “strawberry” tongue
Scarlet Fever was once a worrisome disease but is easily treated with antibiotics today.
What is PANDAS and should I be concerned?
PANDAS stands for Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal infections. Most researchers believe that PANDAS is an autoimmune reaction (i.e., the child’s immune system overreacting to the strep infection) that can appear during childhood, usually between 3 years old and the age of puberty.
It’s a very rare condition where strep may trigger sudden behavioral changes, such as:
- Obsessive-compulsive behavior
- Tics
- Anxiety or mood swings
Can I test for PANDAS?
There is no specific laboratory test to diagnose PANDAS – it is a diagnosis based on experience and the clinical examination of the healthcare provider, and it remains controversial. At Concierge Pediatrics, we can check 2 strep titers in the blood which, if high, is consistent with recent strep infection. If having new onset behavioral issues, this can help us can point to a possible PANDAS situation. It can be treated with cognitive behavioral therapy and sometimes medication. Importantly, a full course of antibiotics must be taken to eliminate the streptococcus infection that may have been the cause.
There are many impassioned conversations among parents regarding PANDAS but it is important to speak directly with your pediatrician about any concerns you may have, to ensure you receive accurate and evidence-based information and an appropriate path forward for your child based on their personal history and circumstances. If you notice unusual symptoms after a strep infection, talk with your pediatrician.
How can I prevent my child from getting strep throat?
Teach good hygiene:
- Wash hands regularly
- Don’t share drinks or utensils
- Cover coughs and sneezes with elbows
When should I call the doctor?
Contact your pediatrician if:
- Your child has a sore throat with fever or trouble swallowing
- Symptoms don’t improve after starting antibiotics
- Your child has a severe reaction to medication
- Behavioral changes follow a strep infection
Still have questions?
At Concierge Pediatrics, we’re here to provide evidence-based answers and expert support every step of the way. Contact us directly to become a member or book a sick visit for fast, compassionate care. Want more information on Strep throat? Read our blog.